How Do I Defend You? — On Demand
When swamped with calls, you need to make the best use of your time. Patient care documentation consumes a lot of that time yet is so essential to all that we do as EMS practitioners. Yet we often use words and phrases in documentation that are not descriptive and that don’t help paint the picture of the patient’s condition – those words are essentially meaningless, so why waste your time writing them? This session will highlight the top 8 meaningless phrases we see in PCR documentation and provide strategies for “making every word count” in your PCR, and hopefully make your job a bit easier!
Learning Objectives:
Identify eight phrases that provide no substantive value to describing the patient condition in EMS documentation
use more descriptive words in creating a clinical narrative that describes the patient's condition
better organize the PCR to ensure that all words are effective and help paint the picture of the patient's condition and improve the efficiency of report writing
Learning Objectives:
Identify eight phrases that provide no substantive value to describing the patient condition in EMS documentation
use more descriptive words in creating a clinical narrative that describes the patient's condition
better organize the PCR to ensure that all words are effective and help paint the picture of the patient's condition and improve the efficiency of report writing
Patient Satisfaction Surveys: A Large EMS System Experience in Engaging with Patients About Their Care—On Demand
CEMS randomly solicits feedback from 35% of the patients who are treated and transported by our service each month. Beginning in July 2020, CEMS also sends an electronic survey to patients that provide a mobile phone number to the EMS crews. With the results of this survey, we’re able to evaluate our service and compare our agency to others nationwide.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion the participants will use actionable information, design, methodology and valid data in their EMS agency.
Upon completion the EMS clinicians and leaders will identify the best practices and solutions for relevance to the EMS community.
Upon completing the participants will provide feedback on the value of real-time EMA Patient Survey results.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion the participants will use actionable information, design, methodology and valid data in their EMS agency.
Upon completion the EMS clinicians and leaders will identify the best practices and solutions for relevance to the EMS community.
Upon completing the participants will provide feedback on the value of real-time EMA Patient Survey results.
Emergency Medicine Physician EMS Telehealth: Leveraging Partners / Force Multiplier—On Demand
Prehospital care is initiated and managed unilaterally by local emergency medical service (EMS). The majority of patients, regardless of severity are transported by the most expensive mode of transportation (ambulance) and to the highest cost destination (hospital). Conversely, the CDC views Population Health, as an opportunity to utilize non-traditional partnerships among health care systems, industry, local government, and organizations to work together to improve patient outcomes.
Houston Fire has successfully triaged 31,328 patients by telehealth Emergency Medical Physicians (EMP) and 28,123 (90%) patients were transported via non-ambulance methods from December 2014 through November 2022. Medics complete a patient assessment and transfers the ePCR and contacts the physician, who accesses the patient via real-time video/voice conferencing and determines the appropriate disposition. Once triaged, patient transportation is determined by the physician (taxi, ambulance, self-transport) and destination is decided by patient/physician (clinic, emergency department, home care).
After EMS leaves the scene, ETHAN patients can contact the Nurse Health Line for assistance regarding care, transportation, and destination. Recently, our regional Health Information Exchange began providing blinded managed care indicators to the ETHAN Physicians portal for payor/health plan patient navigation, both supports the CDC Population Health utilization algorithm within the EMP telehealth model.
Learning Objectives:
1. To become familiar with the how ETHAN patients are triaged by emergency physicians for prehospital alternative transportation / destination in a major metropolitan fire-base EMS system.
2. Observe how ETHAN will successfully increase efficiency and reduced cost of emergency care by reducing the utilization of EMS and emergency departments.
3. How the ETHAN program utilizes its partners to increase patient satisfaction and outcomes.
Houston Fire has successfully triaged 31,328 patients by telehealth Emergency Medical Physicians (EMP) and 28,123 (90%) patients were transported via non-ambulance methods from December 2014 through November 2022. Medics complete a patient assessment and transfers the ePCR and contacts the physician, who accesses the patient via real-time video/voice conferencing and determines the appropriate disposition. Once triaged, patient transportation is determined by the physician (taxi, ambulance, self-transport) and destination is decided by patient/physician (clinic, emergency department, home care).
After EMS leaves the scene, ETHAN patients can contact the Nurse Health Line for assistance regarding care, transportation, and destination. Recently, our regional Health Information Exchange began providing blinded managed care indicators to the ETHAN Physicians portal for payor/health plan patient navigation, both supports the CDC Population Health utilization algorithm within the EMP telehealth model.
Learning Objectives:
1. To become familiar with the how ETHAN patients are triaged by emergency physicians for prehospital alternative transportation / destination in a major metropolitan fire-base EMS system.
2. Observe how ETHAN will successfully increase efficiency and reduced cost of emergency care by reducing the utilization of EMS and emergency departments.
3. How the ETHAN program utilizes its partners to increase patient satisfaction and outcomes.
Hugs, Thugs, Maybe Drugs: Real Cases of Crises, and How we Respond—On Demand
Whatever you want to call it, we all know that uncomfortable gray place in dual diagnosis management. Poly substance abuse, mental illness, compounded with unpredictable, wild and bizarre behaviors is this a policing problem, community mental health or EMS. How you handle these calls is largely the interchange between location, resources, and community standards. But, experience and knowledge can influence how successful you are.
Learning Objectives:
Appraise personal experience with patients in crisis, and the group’s collective scope of experience in mental health encounters (and/or possible mental health) in EMS
Discuss decision making when dealing with patients in crises: What is crises and who experiences them with reflection on case studies and experiences.
State intervention goals, and potential outcomes for dealing with crises. Apply objective signs of substance impairment.
Learning Objectives:
Appraise personal experience with patients in crisis, and the group’s collective scope of experience in mental health encounters (and/or possible mental health) in EMS
Discuss decision making when dealing with patients in crises: What is crises and who experiences them with reflection on case studies and experiences.
State intervention goals, and potential outcomes for dealing with crises. Apply objective signs of substance impairment.
Bias in Care: Enhancing Equity in the Prehospital Environment—On Demand
I treat all my patients the same. That is what just about any EMS provider will tell you.
And yet, whether in a living room, a street corner, or the back of an ambulance, we find that is not the case.
Women in cardiac arrest are less likely to receive the critical lifesaving interventions.
Hispanic patients are less likely to have their stroke symptoms recognized.
African Americans patients are less likely to have their pain treated.
Why is this? How do we know this? And what can we do about it? How can I take my paramedics and EMTs—and you take yours—from a state of “I treat everyone the same” to a state of “equity matters to my patients, to my community, and to me.”
Value:
This talk will focus on EMS clinicians and leaders roles in promoting equity in care with an emphasis on solution-based best practices.
Action:
We will discuss a stepwise, implementable approach—understanding inequity, defining equity, ensuring accurate and comprehensive data collection to recognize disparities, and of course, using that data to educate, inform, and ultimately improve the care for your population.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to demonstrate a common understanding of equity and how it applies to prehospital care.
Upon completion, participant will be able to understand the inequities in patient care found in EMS systems across the country.
Upon completion, participant will be able to develop a step-wise approach to understanding, targeting and improving equity in their EMS system.
And yet, whether in a living room, a street corner, or the back of an ambulance, we find that is not the case.
Women in cardiac arrest are less likely to receive the critical lifesaving interventions.
Hispanic patients are less likely to have their stroke symptoms recognized.
African Americans patients are less likely to have their pain treated.
Why is this? How do we know this? And what can we do about it? How can I take my paramedics and EMTs—and you take yours—from a state of “I treat everyone the same” to a state of “equity matters to my patients, to my community, and to me.”
Value:
This talk will focus on EMS clinicians and leaders roles in promoting equity in care with an emphasis on solution-based best practices.
Action:
We will discuss a stepwise, implementable approach—understanding inequity, defining equity, ensuring accurate and comprehensive data collection to recognize disparities, and of course, using that data to educate, inform, and ultimately improve the care for your population.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to demonstrate a common understanding of equity and how it applies to prehospital care.
Upon completion, participant will be able to understand the inequities in patient care found in EMS systems across the country.
Upon completion, participant will be able to develop a step-wise approach to understanding, targeting and improving equity in their EMS system.
Why Do They STAY? Engaging Your Employees in Retention Efforts–On Demand
As employers of EMS professionals across the country work hard to adapt to a changing workforce environment, it's critical that they focus on retention as much as they do employee recruiting. Exit surveys, engagement surveys, and onboarding surveys can provide some useful insight, but they often focus on information that is based on an experience from the recent past, or it is too late to do anything with in terms of retaining employees. Finding out why employees STAY can provide especially useful insights into what helps motivate employees to continue working for your department. In this session, information from over 1,200 stay interviews conducted within one EMS agency will be presented, and how stay interviews can be implemented in other departments to improve employee retention.
Learning Objectives:
Describe the Stay Interview and the impact on retention.
Review real agency data for over 1200 Stay Interviews of EMS Professionals
List the steps in implementing Stay Interviews at other agencies.
Learning Objectives:
Describe the Stay Interview and the impact on retention.
Review real agency data for over 1200 Stay Interviews of EMS Professionals
List the steps in implementing Stay Interviews at other agencies.
Trust-Centric Teamwork–On Demand
Working together has the potential to exponentially increase our effectiveness as a team. How do we get there? In this lecture, we will identify some simple and practical ways to improve the culture of our workplaces by using a trust-centric model. The acronym PATCH will help attendees remember the concepts: Perfect (the verb, not the adjective: make those around you better), Activate (be a leader and initiate something positive, be the first to serve), Trust (the center of teamwork and the center of the word “patch”), Commit (actions do not depend on circumstances, you are bound to and have pledged to a course - devotion), Help (not just helping others but also asking for help – this takes humility and authenticity).
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to identify enemies of teamwork in the current culture and turn them into opportunities for relationship building.
Upon completion, participant will be able to list clear recommendations and guidance to optimize teamwork under the spirit of trust.
Upon completion, participant will be able to outline simple and practical actions that can be applied today to improve the culture of teamwork.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to identify enemies of teamwork in the current culture and turn them into opportunities for relationship building.
Upon completion, participant will be able to list clear recommendations and guidance to optimize teamwork under the spirit of trust.
Upon completion, participant will be able to outline simple and practical actions that can be applied today to improve the culture of teamwork.
Deconstructing Counseling: How to Choose Good Help—On Demand
As pre-hospital care providers we are great at routing patients into the best care possible. We know the cath-lab is best for the STEMI but what about depression? When first responders are the one's needing care, especially mental healthcare, there are few roadmaps for us. Even if we're ready to reach out, we often don't know which type of clinician to call. In this lecture, we'll focus on defining the tools mental health professionals can offer. We'll look at evidence-based practices for the problems we may be trying to solve like acute stress, PTSD, or depression. We can also dispel some myths about what works and what doesn't. That way, should you need mental health assistance for yourself or a peer, you're not in the dark.
Learning Objectives:
Learners will be able to differentiate between mental health care provider options.
Learners will be able to discern some basic concepts behind theories utilized by mental health providers.
Learners will be armed with information linking theories to the treatment of some specific mental health ailments.
Learning Objectives:
Learners will be able to differentiate between mental health care provider options.
Learners will be able to discern some basic concepts behind theories utilized by mental health providers.
Learners will be armed with information linking theories to the treatment of some specific mental health ailments.
The Psychology of Organizational Change—On Demand
Change management is a notoriously stubborn problem that plagues both large and small scale institutions alike, and has been an organizational hurdle for quite some time. Understanding fundamental nuances in the psychology behind why individuals, teams, and organizations resist change is of paramount importance in creating effective paradigm shifts. This presentation is designed to allow low, mid, and high-level managers a historical perspective on change management and will offer some insight tools and strategies to help make change not only welcome, but will also help to optimize effectiveness in moving the needle within any organization.
Learning Objectives:
List three reasons why people resist change, even when there is significant personal upside
Describe why certain leaders are more effective at executing organizational change than others
Explain why the human condition often resists change that is generally understood will benefit the organization.
Learning Objectives:
List three reasons why people resist change, even when there is significant personal upside
Describe why certain leaders are more effective at executing organizational change than others
Explain why the human condition often resists change that is generally understood will benefit the organization.
Deep Dive – Opioids: Naloxone, Buprenorphine, and Creative Relationships—On Demand
3:00-3:15 Moderator-Gerry Carroll |Overview and Introduction
3:15-3:30 Speaker-Amy Jarosek |Deployment Of Naloxone And Community Response Through Technology – Pulse Point
3:30-3:45 Speaker-Dave Miramontes |Telemedicine and Induction
3:45-4:00 Speaker-Gene Hern |Opioid Receiving Centers and Warm Handoffs to Substance Use Counselors
4:00-4:15 Speaker-Nahum Ip |How to Maintain Provider Empathy and Improve Mental Health
4:15-4:30 Speaker-Jason Schaak |Building MIH Capacity Across Multiple Jurisdictions
4:30-4:45 Speaker-Jennifer Hernandez-Meier |Increasing Wrap-around Care for EMS Initiated Patients: How Can a Social Worker Add to Your Program?
4:45-5:15 Panel |Q&A/Discussion
3:15-3:30 Speaker-Amy Jarosek |Deployment Of Naloxone And Community Response Through Technology – Pulse Point
3:30-3:45 Speaker-Dave Miramontes |Telemedicine and Induction
3:45-4:00 Speaker-Gene Hern |Opioid Receiving Centers and Warm Handoffs to Substance Use Counselors
4:00-4:15 Speaker-Nahum Ip |How to Maintain Provider Empathy and Improve Mental Health
4:15-4:30 Speaker-Jason Schaak |Building MIH Capacity Across Multiple Jurisdictions
4:30-4:45 Speaker-Jennifer Hernandez-Meier |Increasing Wrap-around Care for EMS Initiated Patients: How Can a Social Worker Add to Your Program?
4:45-5:15 Panel |Q&A/Discussion
Management of the Pediatric Airway: From Crib to College—On Demand
An infant's airway is often difficult to visualize because of its anatomical location. There are techniques that first responders can use to improve their success in intubating a patient, but knowing the anatomy and how it changes with age is imperative to the success of intubating the patient. As healthcare providers, we know about the anatomically difficult airway, but we will discuss the physiologically difficult airway. The difficult physiological airway needs to be address prior to intubation. Once the decision to intubate is made, utilizing an RSI checklist improves patient outcome. We will also review the medications that could be used for RSI. Different medications may be more beneficial for patients who have congenital heart disease, genetic anomalies with facial deformities, etc. We will discuss alternatives to intubation and what to do when a patient cannot be intubated.
Learning Objectives:
Review the anatomical differences between in the pediatric patient as they grow
Review RSI procedures as well as alternative medications for RSI
Discuss and explain the physiologically difficult airway
Learning Objectives:
Review the anatomical differences between in the pediatric patient as they grow
Review RSI procedures as well as alternative medications for RSI
Discuss and explain the physiologically difficult airway
From Research to Reality: How to Evaluate the Evidence and Use Improvement Science to Implement Best Practices in Your System—On Demand
We often hear that EMS should be more evidenced based. But, what does that even mean? How do we find this evidence? How do we determine if the latest study means we should actually change what we do in the field? Join Remle Crowe and Brooke Burton as they discuss how to find the latest studies, evaluate them, and determine if the evidence is strong enough for practice change. They’ll also give practical applications of how to leverage improvement science to implement meaningful practice change.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to: Describe the purpose of function of PubMed and Google Scholars.
Upon completion, participant will be able to: Describe several recent papers that might change your EMS practice.
Upon completion, participant will be able to: Formulate a basic improvement plan to bring new research to your agency.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to: Describe the purpose of function of PubMed and Google Scholars.
Upon completion, participant will be able to: Describe several recent papers that might change your EMS practice.
Upon completion, participant will be able to: Formulate a basic improvement plan to bring new research to your agency.
Serious Gaming for Your Whole Brain—On Demand
Game-based learning goes far beyond the use of VR and AR! William Belk and Ian Jones of Air Methods will explore serious games that can be created with any budget and the education theories that support their use. Participants will learn to create educational experiences for clinicians and students using rules and methods similar to popular games that they are already familiar with. Learners will be given the opportunity to play a game that is currently being used to train more than 1500 flight nurses and paramedics through the United States.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, the participant will be able to describe educational theories which support the use of Serious Games.
Upon completion, participants will be able to conduct low cost ways to develop educational games.
Upon completion, participants will be able to create and educational activity using existing game mechanics.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, the participant will be able to describe educational theories which support the use of Serious Games.
Upon completion, participants will be able to conduct low cost ways to develop educational games.
Upon completion, participants will be able to create and educational activity using existing game mechanics.
Eject Eject Eject | Recognizing Your Inner Flat Spin—On Demand
In this talk, we seek to understand the causes that lead to burnout and how to self-recognize the signs in ourselves and our teammates. Chris, along with his service K9 Portia, share some of their experiences going through burnout and how you can self-recover and hopefully prevent or minimize future occurrences. They hope to bring awareness to the struggles of day-to-day first-line providers and break the stigma of recovering from burnout and asking for help.
With the growing spotlight on mental health among first responders, protect your mental health and well-being while staying balanced.
Learning Objectives:
identify the leading causes of Burnout in EMS
to recognize the signs of burnout and implement strategies to self-recover
Will understand some of the modern-day trends in Organizational culture that contribute to burnout
With the growing spotlight on mental health among first responders, protect your mental health and well-being while staying balanced.
Learning Objectives:
identify the leading causes of Burnout in EMS
to recognize the signs of burnout and implement strategies to self-recover
Will understand some of the modern-day trends in Organizational culture that contribute to burnout
The Implementation of Telemedicine and Community Paramedics into EMS Operations - Our Experience—On Demand
The healthcare system has been presented with a variety of challenges including the COVID pandemic, staffing shortages, decreased hospital bed capacity, excessive emergency department patient volumes and increased EMS unit wall times. These challenges compelled us to look for alternative pathways to care. This presentation will discuss our experiences using telemedicine and community paramedicine to navigate alternative pathways to care while highlighting our limitations, successes, patient outcome data, and future goals.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to identify patients who may benefit from a community paramedic response and / or telemedicine visit as an alternative pathway to care.
Upon completion, participant will be able to describe implementation limitations and success experienced by Novant Health New Hanover Regional Medical Center EMS.
Upon completion, participant will be able to recall Novant Health New Hanover Regional Medical Center telemedicine and community paramedic response outcome data.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion, participant will be able to identify patients who may benefit from a community paramedic response and / or telemedicine visit as an alternative pathway to care.
Upon completion, participant will be able to describe implementation limitations and success experienced by Novant Health New Hanover Regional Medical Center EMS.
Upon completion, participant will be able to recall Novant Health New Hanover Regional Medical Center telemedicine and community paramedic response outcome data.
The 3 Keys to Being Fit for Duty: Mindfulness, Nutrition and Physical Mobility—On Demand
emphasis on how these three areas are the foundation for personal and professional success. Recipients of this education will learn how to prevent work-related mental stress and fatigue, to lessen the incidence of depression, substance abuse, and bodily injury while promoting a culture of wellness.
Discuss complexities of mindset
Learn why we should Enhance nutrition for optimal lifestyle.
Emphasize the importance of mobility to decrease injury.
Learning Objectives:
Will be able to combat mental stress caused by job related stress. To learn how to identify and respond to unhealthy coping mechanisms in order to regain mental health.
recognize how gut and brain and connected. Will have a better understanding of why and how to change nutrition to gain maximum health and mental benefits.
Will gain different perspective as to how to maintain physical mobility and agility in order to work pain free and prevent job related injuries.
Discuss complexities of mindset
Learn why we should Enhance nutrition for optimal lifestyle.
Emphasize the importance of mobility to decrease injury.
Learning Objectives:
Will be able to combat mental stress caused by job related stress. To learn how to identify and respond to unhealthy coping mechanisms in order to regain mental health.
recognize how gut and brain and connected. Will have a better understanding of why and how to change nutrition to gain maximum health and mental benefits.
Will gain different perspective as to how to maintain physical mobility and agility in order to work pain free and prevent job related injuries.
Everyone Communicates Few Connect—On Demand
The most effective leaders know how to connect with people. It's not about power or popularity, but about making the people around you feel heard, comfortable, and understood. While it may seem like some folks are born with a commanding presence that draws people in, the fact is anyone can learn to communicate in ways that consistently build powerful connections. In this class Chris Cebollero will outline the best-selling book from his friend and mentor John C. Maxwell offers advice for effective communication to those who continually run into obstacles when it comes to personal success. Chris will share five principles and five practices to develop connection skills including:
o Finding common ground
o Keeping your communication simple
o Capturing people’s interest
o How to create an experience everyone enjoys
o Staying authentic in all your relationships
Your ability to achieve results in any organization is directly tied to the leadership skills in your toolbox. Connecting is an easy-to-learn skill you can apply today in your personal, professional, and family relationships to start living your best life.
Learning Objectives:
List the components of connecting the communication you deliver
Explain the elements of the communicator, message, receiver, and feedback process
Describe the components of active listening and reading body language.
o Finding common ground
o Keeping your communication simple
o Capturing people’s interest
o How to create an experience everyone enjoys
o Staying authentic in all your relationships
Your ability to achieve results in any organization is directly tied to the leadership skills in your toolbox. Connecting is an easy-to-learn skill you can apply today in your personal, professional, and family relationships to start living your best life.
Learning Objectives:
List the components of connecting the communication you deliver
Explain the elements of the communicator, message, receiver, and feedback process
Describe the components of active listening and reading body language.
What the FBI can Teach us About Mental Health Assessment—On Demand
This presentation reviews the use of Community Paramedics in Behavioral Health and substance use disorder (SUD) response as well as part of the Crisis Response Team (CRT) in crisis negotiation situations and barricaded subjects. Attendees are introduced to hostage negotiation tactics and the transtheoretical model of change as a tool to address the changes brought about by social justice reform. The presentation investigates Officer-Induced Jeopardy and how that legal concept impacts EMS providers. The instructor then leads the class through a selection of relevant case studies to apply what was learned.
Learning Objectives:
Explain the legal concept of officer-induced jeopardy and how social justice has and will change the way EMS responds to behavioral health and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) crises.
Implement the transtheoretical model of change when working to de-escalate a patient in crisis.
Utilize active listening as a tool for empowering patients to modify their aggressive or self-destructive behaviors
Learning Objectives:
Explain the legal concept of officer-induced jeopardy and how social justice has and will change the way EMS responds to behavioral health and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) crises.
Implement the transtheoretical model of change when working to de-escalate a patient in crisis.
Utilize active listening as a tool for empowering patients to modify their aggressive or self-destructive behaviors
Developing a Mobile Crisis Response Team—On Demand
Mobile crisis response. The need for mobile crisis response teams across the United States has escalated beyond what we have the capability to manage. The footprint of EMS has expanded exponentially in recent years. Community paramedic programs have gained traction, and crisis mental health response has come to many EMS organizations. The pandemic placed the frailties of EMS on full display and hastened the looming mental health problems society faces.
Have you been tasked with developing a mobile crisis team to respond to mental and behavioral health emergencies? Are you concerned about what the needs and expectations are? Who are the players, who will contribute to the service, and where do you start? Here is a basic guide, learn about the very real challenges and the complex definition of success for your program.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the importance of the SAMSHA co-responder model (Police, EMS, LCSW) for crisis response is.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to identify the components of a crisis system of care.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the potential areas for pitfalls and failure of their mobile crisis team.
Have you been tasked with developing a mobile crisis team to respond to mental and behavioral health emergencies? Are you concerned about what the needs and expectations are? Who are the players, who will contribute to the service, and where do you start? Here is a basic guide, learn about the very real challenges and the complex definition of success for your program.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the importance of the SAMSHA co-responder model (Police, EMS, LCSW) for crisis response is.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to identify the components of a crisis system of care.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the potential areas for pitfalls and failure of their mobile crisis team.
Exploration of EMS Workforce Retention Issues—On Demand
This presentation begins by exploring wage growth in the United States between the years 2010 and 2019 in select Metropolitan Statistical Areas based upon population and prehospital (911) EMS infrastructure to address the effect of EMS wages based upon public-private-partnerships (PPP) versus public systems? This data is then analyzed against EMS wages for the same time frame in other countries combined with analysis of federal and state/territory level policy and legislation to identify similarities and discrepancies towards a better understanding of how other countries have addressed development of EMS infrastructure. Lastly, an analysis of the professionalization of EMS delves into the sociological theories of professions and expertise identifies how the EMS occupation has developed and what hurdles still remain.
Learning Objectives:
Describe how EMS infrastructure in prehospital systems affects EMS wages in that area.
Describe how professionalization of EMS would improve workforce retention.
Describe how US EMS policy compares internationally to equally developed EMS systems.
Learning Objectives:
Describe how EMS infrastructure in prehospital systems affects EMS wages in that area.
Describe how professionalization of EMS would improve workforce retention.
Describe how US EMS policy compares internationally to equally developed EMS systems.