Radiological and Chemical Burn Treatments and Long-term Monitoring Post Exposure
This program will discuss a basic overview of radiation and chemical injuries with specific attention to burn injuries. The content includes an overview of radiation and chemical injuries, as well as assessment aspects for treating patients with suspected radiation or chemical injuries. The review will also discuss the national Radiation Injury Treatment Network (RITN). These injuries are seldom seen but can be complex to manage in the early stages of exposure to a radiation or chemical source.
Learning Objectives:
The basics of assessment for radiation burns vs. thermal burns during an event involving radiation
The basics of assessment for various sources of chemical burn injuries
Managing the chaos and triaging patients with chemical or radiation injuries (as well as the “worried well”)
Learning Objectives:
The basics of assessment for radiation burns vs. thermal burns during an event involving radiation
The basics of assessment for various sources of chemical burn injuries
Managing the chaos and triaging patients with chemical or radiation injuries (as well as the “worried well”)
Prehospital Care of Exertional Heat Stroke: Cool first, Transport Second
Exertional Heat Stroke (EHS) is one of the leading causes of death for athletes. (1) EHS is also currently the top cause of exertion (non-accident) related deaths in the laborer population. (2) While athletes may have the benefit of school or organization-specific medical professionals like athletic trainers, laborers will likely rely on EMS for the diagnosis and treatment of EHIs.
Best practices for the care of EHS is to provide cold water immersion (CWI) to the patient, with the cooling preferably taking place before transport to the hospital; the cool first, transport second standard. (3) CWI has been used for the treatment of EHS at the Falmouth Road Race, as well as other athletic venues. When this method is used, survival rates have been as high as 100% for EHS victims. (4) This presentation will review the successes of CWI at the Falmouth Road Race and the incorporation of this standard into EMS protocols. EHS is a time-sensitive diagnosis that requires assessment and treatment within 30 minutes. (1) The presentation will provide a new paradigm for EMS to minimize the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with EHS: the cool first, transport second method for the pre-hospital treatment of EHS.
Learning Objectives:
define the spectrum of exertional heat illnesses, including the diagnostic criteria for exertional heat stroke.
describe the methods for the treatment of exertional heat stroke and the successes of cold-water immersion.
discuss the role of EMS in the rapid assessment and treatment of exertional heat stoke using the "cool first, transport second" standard.
Best practices for the care of EHS is to provide cold water immersion (CWI) to the patient, with the cooling preferably taking place before transport to the hospital; the cool first, transport second standard. (3) CWI has been used for the treatment of EHS at the Falmouth Road Race, as well as other athletic venues. When this method is used, survival rates have been as high as 100% for EHS victims. (4) This presentation will review the successes of CWI at the Falmouth Road Race and the incorporation of this standard into EMS protocols. EHS is a time-sensitive diagnosis that requires assessment and treatment within 30 minutes. (1) The presentation will provide a new paradigm for EMS to minimize the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with EHS: the cool first, transport second method for the pre-hospital treatment of EHS.
Learning Objectives:
define the spectrum of exertional heat illnesses, including the diagnostic criteria for exertional heat stroke.
describe the methods for the treatment of exertional heat stroke and the successes of cold-water immersion.
discuss the role of EMS in the rapid assessment and treatment of exertional heat stoke using the "cool first, transport second" standard.
Pharmacotherapy for the Resuscitationist. The latest and greatest medications in EMS
Resuscitation of the critically ill patient involves a concerted effort with the utilization of potentially several medications. This lecture will discuss the hottest and most current topics in EMS including the role of push dose pressors, droperidol in decompensated agitated delirium, the multifaceted roles of ketamine, and much more. This lecture will also review controversial topics of pharmacotherapy in the pre-hospital setting and will review the evidence supporting life saving medications in critically ill crashing patients.
Learning Objectives:
Discuss the multifaceted role of ketamine in the pre-hospital setting
Discuss the utility and nuances of droperidol for agitated delirium
Describe the major indications for push-dose pressors and their role in preventing peri-intubation hypotension
Learning Objectives:
Discuss the multifaceted role of ketamine in the pre-hospital setting
Discuss the utility and nuances of droperidol for agitated delirium
Describe the major indications for push-dose pressors and their role in preventing peri-intubation hypotension
Mistakes, Transparency and Vulnerability - The Nightmare Transfer: Lessons Learned
Why are the most challenging patients we encounter, the most difficult to talk about? Undoubtedly, the patient care encounters that go flawlessly are easy to discuss. Success brings forth confidence and we are often excited to share our successes. However, if we flip that coin, discussing calls that don’t go as planned is not easy and puts us in a vulnerable state of mind, that hinders communication and stalls learning. Vulnerability is difficult for most, revealing less than awesome patient care is intimidating. We want our peers to respect us and sharing short comings, mistakes, and/or failures is scary. However, the discussion that arises during challenging case reviews can not only impact the clinicians that were on the call directly, but can be very impactful for the other clinicians involved in the case review. What if the feeling of vulnerability was matched with a feeling of confidence? This presentation encourages stepping outside of one’s comfort zone in order to improve clinical practice. We will dive into how mistakes, transparency, and vulnerability builds confidence in yourself and can strengthen the entire program.
Learning Objectives:
Define vulnerability and the impact on open communication
Discuss transparency and just culture.
Analyze the importance of the medical director’s involvement in case reviews and learning.
Learning Objectives:
Define vulnerability and the impact on open communication
Discuss transparency and just culture.
Analyze the importance of the medical director’s involvement in case reviews and learning.
Hit the 'Lytes! Case Studies of Electrolyte Imbalances
Electrolytes play a pivotal role in regulating homeostasis and in many critical body functions...but what happens when they become abnormal? This presentation will examine the role of electrolytes, presentation of abnormal values, and discuss treatment, all in the lens of real-life case studies. Whether you have access to point of care testing or not, this presentation will prepare you to recognize and treat some of the most common electrolyte imbalances seen in the prehospital setting.
Learning Objectives:
Understand the role of electrolytes and how they affect the human body.
Identify common presentations of electrolyte abnormalities.
Analyze cases of electrolyte imbalances in order to determine proper treatment for the patient.
Learning Objectives:
Understand the role of electrolytes and how they affect the human body.
Identify common presentations of electrolyte abnormalities.
Analyze cases of electrolyte imbalances in order to determine proper treatment for the patient.
Mental Health and Substance Use - A Systems Approach
The City of St. Louis like many other areas across the country has faced an increase in substance use and mental health calls. St. Louis Fire Department realized that it could not tackle this problem on its own and started to form partnership with various City departments and independent agencies in the city to tackle this problem. Come and learn how St Louis used creative ideas to combat this growing challenge and how you can take these ideas and apply them at your EMS agency.
Learning Objectives:
describe the growing issue of substance use and mental health and how it places a drain on the EMS system
describe how synergistic relationships are beneficial to treating people with substance use disorder and other mental health issues
describe the benefit to the EMS system by developing community relationships
Learning Objectives:
describe the growing issue of substance use and mental health and how it places a drain on the EMS system
describe how synergistic relationships are beneficial to treating people with substance use disorder and other mental health issues
describe the benefit to the EMS system by developing community relationships
The Spiritual Golden Hour
It has been said that one can live weeks without food, days without water, and minutes without oxygen; but one cannot live a moment in time without hope. Pre-hospital medicine provides a powerful platform for that hope. Health includes more than the physical body as it is a fact that we are physical, mental, and spiritual beings.
I have served on an international disaster response team and have come to understand as in the physical “golden hour” of trauma there exists a parallel “spiritual and mental golden hour” in emergencies. This “Spiritual Golden Hour,” has changed my practice as a paramedic. For the advancement of prehospital medicine it is our responsibility to better understand how to care for the patient’s physical, mental and spiritual needs.
Learning Objectives:
Deduce how our emotions and spirituality play a vital role in our physical wellbeing.
Define how we as first responders should be dealing with the emotional/mental trauma of our patients as well as the emotional wellbeing of the medical professional.
Demonstrate how the the first responder has the ability to change a patient’s mentation to benefit the outcome of the tragedy at hand and give hope for the future.
I have served on an international disaster response team and have come to understand as in the physical “golden hour” of trauma there exists a parallel “spiritual and mental golden hour” in emergencies. This “Spiritual Golden Hour,” has changed my practice as a paramedic. For the advancement of prehospital medicine it is our responsibility to better understand how to care for the patient’s physical, mental and spiritual needs.
Learning Objectives:
Deduce how our emotions and spirituality play a vital role in our physical wellbeing.
Define how we as first responders should be dealing with the emotional/mental trauma of our patients as well as the emotional wellbeing of the medical professional.
Demonstrate how the the first responder has the ability to change a patient’s mentation to benefit the outcome of the tragedy at hand and give hope for the future.
Geriatric Giants: Fundamentals of GeriEM for GeriEMS
The Baby Boomers are getting old, and as they do so, are coming into increasing contact with all medical services, including EMS. And older patients are getting more complex - multiple co-morbidities and a medication list that resembles a shopping list are commonplace. Even the so-called "Geriatric Giants" have changed since they were direct described in 1965... today there are four: frailty, sarcopenia, the anorexia of ageing, and cognitive impairment. From these are derived the kind of problems we see in EMS and EM: falls, hip fractures, delirium, and increased morbidity and mortality.
This talk covers the concept of frailty, explains delirium and how it may present (it's not always a UTI!), and covers a wide range of Geriatric pearls, plus practical tips and tricks to help EMS clinicians provide better care for our senior patients, both at work and as part of wider society... including practical suggestions about how EMS clinicians are ideally placed to encourage end-of-life planning.
This talk is fast paced, regularly updated, and covers material that is ever more vital to EMS clinicians everywhere.
Learning Objectives:
Define the concept of frailty, describe how to use the Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale, and list importan timplications of frailty
Describe hypoactive and hyperactive delirium, and list important possible causes
Demonstrate use of on-line tools to assess the cumulative anti-cholinergic burden of apatient's medications, such as acbcalc.com, and understand why this is important.
This talk covers the concept of frailty, explains delirium and how it may present (it's not always a UTI!), and covers a wide range of Geriatric pearls, plus practical tips and tricks to help EMS clinicians provide better care for our senior patients, both at work and as part of wider society... including practical suggestions about how EMS clinicians are ideally placed to encourage end-of-life planning.
This talk is fast paced, regularly updated, and covers material that is ever more vital to EMS clinicians everywhere.
Learning Objectives:
Define the concept of frailty, describe how to use the Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale, and list importan timplications of frailty
Describe hypoactive and hyperactive delirium, and list important possible causes
Demonstrate use of on-line tools to assess the cumulative anti-cholinergic burden of apatient's medications, such as acbcalc.com, and understand why this is important.
There Is An Answer: Non-Compressible Hemorrhage and Pelvic/Abdominal Trauma
This presentation looks at the historical issues facing compressible hemorrhage and the treatment of non-compressible hemorrhage in the field. The presentation provides an evidence-based look at the creation, utility, ease of use, and speed with which tourniquets were employed during the Global War on Terror. The presenter will provide more than a decade of evidence for the and treatment of non-compressible and abdominal hemorrhage, using an abdominal junctional tourniquet.. The presentation will review the genesis of device and it current use with the special operations medical community and its success. The presentation will also address the challenges with lack of awareness of existing military medical devices and techniques that would be highly beneficial to both EMS and HEMS.
Learning Objectives:
- Discuss the genesis of tourniquets in the setting of compressible hemorrhage, and their current battlefield and civilian use.
- Cite current trauma resuscitation strategies and their limitations such as REBOA, for non-compressible hemorrhage and intra-abdominal trauma.
Describe relevant studies on the use of these novel devices their applicability to EMS, HEMS, and other pre-hospital providers
Learning Objectives:
- Discuss the genesis of tourniquets in the setting of compressible hemorrhage, and their current battlefield and civilian use.
- Cite current trauma resuscitation strategies and their limitations such as REBOA, for non-compressible hemorrhage and intra-abdominal trauma.
Describe relevant studies on the use of these novel devices their applicability to EMS, HEMS, and other pre-hospital providers
"Concept to Culture" - Creating a cutting-edge EMS culture in a fire/ems based system
Have you ever come to a conference like this and heard all sorts of cutting-edge information and dreamed of implementing that very thing, only to be hamstrung by the implementation process itself? In this session, we will explore the process of change within an organization. We will take a concept and show you how an organization can turn these concepts into culture, through a groundswell of upward momentum...even in a fire-based EMS department.
Learning Objectives:
...identify a concept they wish to implement in their own system
create a path for the implementation process using the ideas discussed in this lecture
transform the initial concept into a culture for their organization
Learning Objectives:
...identify a concept they wish to implement in their own system
create a path for the implementation process using the ideas discussed in this lecture
transform the initial concept into a culture for their organization
New Strategies for Your Quality Management Toolkit
Inefficiencies exist in every system! Have you ever changed your system, made improvements, or implemented solutions only to find the "problem" persists? Come join Kevin as he discusses how LEAN methodology has been used in his quality management system to decrease variation and improve outcomes! This presentation will introduce how LEAN thinking can be used to improve problem solving, perform root cause analyses, and test and monitor solutions. Come enjoy an engaging conversation on how to use systemic approaches to your every day system problem solving so that you can save time and improve results! Discover simple new strategies to apply to current and future challenges in patient care,, operations, finance, and planning. LEAN strategies can help every aspect of prehospital system operations
Bizarre and Unusual Clinical Case Studies 2023
Injuries are one of the most important public health issues worldwide and have a considerable contribution to the disease burden, especially in young adults. Approximately 9% of all blunt trauma patients suffer pelvic fractures. These fractures can range from insignificant and requiring almost no therapy to massive destruction of the pelvic ring with associated with multisystem injury and life-threatening hypotension which mandates the attention of specialists. Polytrauma involving multiple systems challenges the best assessment skills. This lecture will examine different types of trauma through a case study format.
Learning Objectives:
Describe injuries and physiologic presentations of adult and pediatric trauma patients that warrant triage to higher levels of care.
Describe current evidenced base strategies for trauma patient resuscitation in both the pre-hospital and hospital environments.
Demonstrate emergency assessment and stabilization skills for life-threatening situations.
Learning Objectives:
Describe injuries and physiologic presentations of adult and pediatric trauma patients that warrant triage to higher levels of care.
Describe current evidenced base strategies for trauma patient resuscitation in both the pre-hospital and hospital environments.
Demonstrate emergency assessment and stabilization skills for life-threatening situations.
Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) from Soup to Nuts: Medications that save the crashing patient
Rapid-sequence intubation (RSI) is an important technique of airway management in the pre-hospital setting, however, this life saving procedure does not come without risks. Several different medications are available in the pre-hospital setting and it is imperative that paramedics are comfortable with deciding which induction and paralytic agents to use in a very stressful life or death situation. This lecture will compare and contrast the induction agents used for RSI as well as their evidentiary support. An in-depth discussion of succinylcholine and rocuronium will be discussed and describe different populations on when each induction and paralytic agent should be used.
Learning Objectives:
Describe the agents used for induction of RSI and the literature supporting them
Discuss succinylcholine vs. rocurconium and their respective pros and cons
Describe the ideal RSI pharmacotherapy for specific patient populations (e.g., trauma, septic, etc.)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the agents used for induction of RSI and the literature supporting them
Discuss succinylcholine vs. rocurconium and their respective pros and cons
Describe the ideal RSI pharmacotherapy for specific patient populations (e.g., trauma, septic, etc.)
The 6th Link: From Cardiac Arrest Survival to Interventions for Survivorship for All Who are Affected
The American Heart Association survivorship statement recognizes the unmet needs of cardiac arrest survivors, families, lay rescuers, and professional responders after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The 6th link of the Chain of Survival, Recovery, addresses physical, cognitive, and psychosocial supports, including the need for interventions to improve survivorship and Quality of Life (QoL).
The experiences and QoL of OHCA survivors vary greatly. Similarly, caregivers of survivors and bereaved families are affected by physical and psychosocial manifestations of witnessing the OHCA and subsequent hospitalization. EMS, first responders, dispatchers, and lay rescuers are involved from the moment of the event but often never learn the outcome of the patient they treated.
The fear of recurrence, prolonged grief, depression, fatigue, hyper-vigilance, sleep disturbances, posttraumatic stress and feelings of isolation are prevalent among all who are touched by OHCA. The impact on long-term QoL is real, and interventions for optimal survivorship for survivors, families, EMS professionals, and lay rescuers are needed urgently.
Panel discussion will address interventions for optimal OHCA survivorship:
- Scientific advancements to optimize recovery for those impacted by OHCA
- Post-OHCA advocacy as an intervention
- A roadmap for online community engagement
- Creating EMS support systems for psychological well-being
Learning Objectives:
Learn how scientific research is informing the creation of new interventions to improve survivorship among all affected by cardiac arrest.
Learn how advocacy, online community engagement, and peer-to-peer support groups can enhance cardiac arrest survivorship and healing of all affected by cardiac arrest.
Learn about support systems for the psychological well-being of EMS, first responders, and dispatchers who routinely manage Cardiac Arrest events.
The experiences and QoL of OHCA survivors vary greatly. Similarly, caregivers of survivors and bereaved families are affected by physical and psychosocial manifestations of witnessing the OHCA and subsequent hospitalization. EMS, first responders, dispatchers, and lay rescuers are involved from the moment of the event but often never learn the outcome of the patient they treated.
The fear of recurrence, prolonged grief, depression, fatigue, hyper-vigilance, sleep disturbances, posttraumatic stress and feelings of isolation are prevalent among all who are touched by OHCA. The impact on long-term QoL is real, and interventions for optimal survivorship for survivors, families, EMS professionals, and lay rescuers are needed urgently.
Panel discussion will address interventions for optimal OHCA survivorship:
- Scientific advancements to optimize recovery for those impacted by OHCA
- Post-OHCA advocacy as an intervention
- A roadmap for online community engagement
- Creating EMS support systems for psychological well-being
Learning Objectives:
Learn how scientific research is informing the creation of new interventions to improve survivorship among all affected by cardiac arrest.
Learn how advocacy, online community engagement, and peer-to-peer support groups can enhance cardiac arrest survivorship and healing of all affected by cardiac arrest.
Learn about support systems for the psychological well-being of EMS, first responders, and dispatchers who routinely manage Cardiac Arrest events.
Developing a Mobile Crisis Response Team
Mobile crisis response. The need for mobile crisis response teams across the United States has escalated beyond what we have the capability to manage. The footprint of EMS has expanded exponentially in recent years. Community paramedic programs have gained traction, and crisis mental health response has come to many EMS organizations. The pandemic placed the frailties of EMS on full display and hastened the looming mental health problems society faces.
Have you been tasked with developing a mobile crisis team to respond to mental and behavioral health emergencies? Are you concerned about what the needs and expectations are? Who are the players, who will contribute to the service, and where do you start? Here is a basic guide, learn about the very real challenges and the complex definition of success for your program.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the importance of the SAMSHA co-responder model (Police, EMS, LCSW) for crisis response is.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to identify the components of a crisis system of care.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the potential areas for pitfalls and failure of their mobile crisis team.
Have you been tasked with developing a mobile crisis team to respond to mental and behavioral health emergencies? Are you concerned about what the needs and expectations are? Who are the players, who will contribute to the service, and where do you start? Here is a basic guide, learn about the very real challenges and the complex definition of success for your program.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the importance of the SAMSHA co-responder model (Police, EMS, LCSW) for crisis response is.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to identify the components of a crisis system of care.
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the potential areas for pitfalls and failure of their mobile crisis team.
Pre-Hospital EEG - A look into the Future with New Technology
Seizures account for between 5%–8% of all EMS responses in the United States, and about 71% of those patients end up being transported to EDs. Rapid treatment is essential to the survival of seizure patients, and even when patients don’t succumb to their seizures, time is brain because prolonged seizures are difficult to treat and can cause lasting brain injury. Absence seizures are characterized by a brief loss and return of consciousness. are impossible to detect using basic clinical parameters, and if a patient is in status absence seizures these contribute to long-term disability and death.
Alameda Fire Dept undertook a bold research project to see if a new device could capture a hospital-grade EEG in the field and then transmit that EEG to the ED and a neurologist, becoming the first EMS service in the world to send an EEG to a hospital. Learn about their research and how this new technology has applications beyond detecting absence seizures.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the presentation, the participant will understand the importance of the EEG and goals for the study
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the clinical application of the EEG in detecting absence seizures; LVOC stroke; and traumatic brain injury
At the end of the presentation, the participant will understand what are the basic components of the EEG.
Alameda Fire Dept undertook a bold research project to see if a new device could capture a hospital-grade EEG in the field and then transmit that EEG to the ED and a neurologist, becoming the first EMS service in the world to send an EEG to a hospital. Learn about their research and how this new technology has applications beyond detecting absence seizures.
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the presentation, the participant will understand the importance of the EEG and goals for the study
At the end of the presentation, the participant will be able to describe the clinical application of the EEG in detecting absence seizures; LVOC stroke; and traumatic brain injury
At the end of the presentation, the participant will understand what are the basic components of the EEG.
Improving Feedback Narratives for Instructors, Preceptors, and Supervisors
This session will explore the principles of feedback for improved performance focusing on examples that are specific, actionable, and behavior-based. Narrative feedback can be the most useful to learners and employees for driving behavior change, but not when it is too general, overly positive, or laden with bias. Together, we will perform narrative makeovers to improve the quality and utility of the feedback provided.
Learning Objectives:
Identify the conditions ideal for giving and receiving effective feedback.
Use phrases to accurately describe performance without provoking an emotional response.
Recognize biased language patterns in narrative feedback based on gender and under-represented status.
Learning Objectives:
Identify the conditions ideal for giving and receiving effective feedback.
Use phrases to accurately describe performance without provoking an emotional response.
Recognize biased language patterns in narrative feedback based on gender and under-represented status.
It's High Time for High Performance Mechanical CPR
Mechanical CPR devices are widely used and gaining in popularity and yet many studies show no improvement in outcomes associated with their use, some indicated potential worse outcomes. Learn how to optimize outcomes in this state of the art, systematic review of indications, advantages, techniques and quality improvement
Learning Objectives:
describe best use situations for mechanical cpr
define the best use metrics for application times and interruption of cpr in using mcpr
list programmable and application variable that might affect perfusion when using cpr
Learning Objectives:
describe best use situations for mechanical cpr
define the best use metrics for application times and interruption of cpr in using mcpr
list programmable and application variable that might affect perfusion when using cpr
Ventilation Quality During Cardiac Resuscitation: The Final Frontier
Ventilation is an important but often forgotten component of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Despite years of research advancing our knowledge of high-quality chest compressions, ventilation quality has not received the same attention. Recent technological advancements have overcome previous barriers and allowed for proper ventilation measurement in the field. This has provided unique opportunities to improve our knowledge of ventilation practices. The focus of this talk is on high-quality ventilations - the forgotten component of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We will discuss the evidence behind current ventilation best practices, tips and tricks for optimization of ventilations in the field, and discuss how ventilations can impact overall patient survival. In addition, we will discuss our ongoing program of research examining ventilation quality in the prehospital setting. We will discuss the results of our recent before-and-after study examining the quality of ventilations performed in the field, and the use of real-time feedback to improve overall ventilation quality. We will also discuss our current randomized controlled trial examining ventilation parameters and patient outcomes from cardiac arrest. Attendees will leave with a better understanding of the role of high-quality ventilations and the evidence backing current recommendations in cardiac arrest management.
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion of this presentation, participants will be able to define the key components of high-quality ventilation during cardiac arrest management.
Upon completion of this presentation, participants will be able to discuss best practices with respect to providing ventilations during cardiac resuscitation including the use of real-time feedback.
Upon completion of this presentation, participants will be able to discuss and critique the current evidence behind ventilation recommendations for cardiac arrest management
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion of this presentation, participants will be able to define the key components of high-quality ventilation during cardiac arrest management.
Upon completion of this presentation, participants will be able to discuss best practices with respect to providing ventilations during cardiac resuscitation including the use of real-time feedback.
Upon completion of this presentation, participants will be able to discuss and critique the current evidence behind ventilation recommendations for cardiac arrest management
Transesophageal Echocardiography and Resuscitation
The use of transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) during cardiac arrest is a relatively new concept. TEE provides real time evaluation of chest compressions and allows correction of hand placement or mechanical CPR to result in maximal compression over the aorta, rather than the ventricles of the heart. A review of the procedure, a review of video cases, and the literature will be discussed as well as the pros and cons of using TEE in the prehospital environment.
Learning Objectives:
be able to understand the mechanics of ultrasound in the setting of cardiac arrest
have a basic ability to identify structures on a cardiac echocardiogram
be able to discuss the limitations of TEE in the prehospital environment
Learning Objectives:
be able to understand the mechanics of ultrasound in the setting of cardiac arrest
have a basic ability to identify structures on a cardiac echocardiogram
be able to discuss the limitations of TEE in the prehospital environment